Some Important Rules
Rule:- 1 Adverbs ending in ‘ly’ generally come in adverbs of manner and they are generally used after the main verb and object if there is any.
Well, fast, carefully, bravely, immediately, heavily, boldly, fluently etc.
Examples
1. She speaks fluently English. (incorrect)
2. She speaks English fluently. (correct)
3. He disappeared immediately. (correct)
Note- There are some words that end in ‘ly’ they are not adverbs.
Noun Adjective Adverb
Miser Miserly In a miserly manner
Coward Cowardly In a cowardly manner
Niggard Niggardly In a niggardly manner
Scholar Scholarly In a scholarly manner
Examples
1. He is coward. incorrect
(use a before coward because coward is a noun)
2. He is a coward. (correct)
3. She accused her husband of being a coward man.(Incorrect)
because both "coward" and man" are nouns, and two nouns can not come together)
4. She accused her husband of being a cowardly man. (correct)
5. She is too coward to complain against the student to her teacher. (use cowardly in the place of coward)
Rule:- 2 Adverbs of place and times are usually placed after the verb and object if there is any.
Time:- Now, then, yet, today, next day, tomorrow, yesterday.
Place:- Here, there, everywhere, on the road, in the field, on the roof etc.
Examples
1. She met yesterday me. (incorrect)
2. She met me yesterday. (correct)
3. When you called me I was then not at my home. (incorrect)
4. When you called me I was not at my home then. (correct)
Rule:- 3 Adverbs of frequency and some other adverbs are generally used before the main verb.
Frequency:- Always, never, ever, often, hardly, scarcely, rarely, usually, generally, seldom, frequently.
Others:- Almost, already, nearly, just, quite, still, rather.
Examples
1. She never has been to America. (incorrect)
2. She has never been to America. (correct)
3. Kareem just has left for his school. (incorrect)
4. Kareem has just left for his school. (correct)
Rule:- 4 When we have to use adverbs of manner, place and times, we follow MPT (MP, PT, MT) order.
1. She was writing carefully an essay yesterday at home. (incorrect)
2. She was writing an essay carefully at home yesterday. (correct)
3. We will come tomorrow to your home. (incorrect)
4. We will come to your home tomorrow. (correct)
Rule:-5. Negative adverbs like “not, never” are not used with these words.
Deny, forbid, both, until, unless, lest, hardly, scarcely, rarely, nothing, , too….to, seldom etc.
Examples
1. He denied that he had not committed that crime. (incorrect)
2. He denied that he had committed that crime. (correct)
3. Both of these women do not have strong memories of the world war II. (incorrect)
4. Both of these women have strong memories of the world war II. (correct)
5. Neither of these women has strong memories of the world war II. (correct)
6. He does not intend to go nowhere. (incorrect)
7. He does not intend to go anywhere. (correct)
8. I hardly know some celebrated fashion designer in this town. (incorrect)
9. I hardly know any celebrated fashion designer in this town.
Note- Some is used in the positive sentence and any is in the negative sentence, hardly is a negative word therefore any is correct.
Rule:- 6. Else is followed by but
Other…………………than
Rather……………….than
Examples
1. He would rather die but starve. (use than instead of but)
2. Nothing else than his overconfidence ruined him. (use but instead of than)
3. He has no other option but to go to America. (use than instead of but)
Rule:-7. Seldom or never, seldom if ever, little or nothing, little if anything.
Examples
1. We seldom or ever exercise in the morning. (incorrect)
2. We seldom or never exercise in the morning. (correct)
3. You will find little or anything disputable in this book. (incorrect)
4. You will find little or nothing disputable in this book. (correct)
Rule:-8. Don’t use ‘never’ in the place of ‘not’.
Examples
1. I made several calls to you but you never picked up the phone. (incorrect)
2. I made several calls to you but you did not pick up the phone. (correct)
3. He never went to Goa last year. (incorrect)
4. He did not go to Goa last year. (correct)
5. After having completed his graduation, he never went to college again. (correct)
Rule:-9. “Too, as well, also” are used to give the meaning of in addition to in affirmative sentence, but “also” can not be used at the end.
Examples
1. They got their degrees and scholarship too/as well.
2. He knows how to drive a bike and a car too/as well.
3. She presented me a pen and a wallet also. (use- also a wallet)
Rule:-10. Manly, masterly, slovenly, monthly, weekly, sickly, friendly, orderly, gentlemanly are adjective, they should not be used as an adverb.
1. He behaves friendly with everyone. (incorrect)
2. He behaves in a friendly manner with everyone. (correct)
Rule:- 11. Some words have the same form both in adjective and adverb.
Fast, straight, Outright, direct, hard, late, high, quiet, near.
Adverb Adjective
1. Sit here as quiet as you can. 1. The room was dark and quiet
2. Children came to school late. 2. he took a late flight.
3. He slammed the door hard. 3. Why is it too hard for you to . keep the secret.
Rule:-12. Adverb ‘As’ is used with these verbs.
Regard, describe, define, treat, view, know.
Examples
1. Sir Francis Bacon is regarded the father of English essays. (incorrect)
2. Sir Francis Bacon is regarded as the father of English essays. (correct)
Rule:-13. Adverb ‘As’ can not be used with these verbs.
Name, elect, think, call, appoint, make, choose.
Examples
1. She is considered as the most beautiful girl of my class. (incorrect)
2. She is considered the most beautiful girl of my class. (correct)
Rule:-14. Only, merely, solely and chiefly are used before the word they modify.
Examples
1. Only he gave me fifty rupees. (means- he and nobody else gave me)
2. He only gave me fifty rupees. (means- he merely gave me fifty rupees and did nothing for me)
3. He gave only me fifty rupees. (means- he gave fifty rupees to me and to nobody else)
4. He gave me only fifty rupees. (means- he gave fifty rupees to me and nothing more)
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