PRONOUN (PART -10)

        Reciprocal Pronoun

They are used to show a mutual relation .

1- Each other 

2- One other

1. Each other:- It is used for two persons or things.

2. One another:- It is used for more than two persons or things.

Examples

1. John and Peter are talking to  one another. (use- each other)

2. Five boys are talking to each other. (use one other)

3. They are fighting with each other/one other.

(both are correct)

See some more examples-

4. John and Peter are very good friends, they don’t quarrel with one another. (use- each other)

5. John, Peter and Lucy are friends, they do not fight with each other. (use- one another)

         Distributive pronouns

Each, everyone, either, neither.

Rule 1. Either means anyone from the two, while Neither means none from the two.

Examples

1. Either of the three students can solve this question. (use- two)

2. Neither of my friends has completed his assignment. (Correct)

Rule 2. Each is used for two or more than two, while Everyone is used only for more than two.

Examples

 1. Each of the students has applied for the post.(correct)

2. Everyone of the two girls knows how to sing a song. (use- each)

 3. Everyone of the ten dancer has participated in the music competition. (use- dancers)

Rule 3. Anyone or one means-  one from more than two, while no one or none means-  no one from more than two.

 1. Neither of the three boys is innocent. ( use- none or no one)

2. Either of the five boys is intelligent. (use- anyone or one )

3. Neither/none of the boys is active. ( Both are correct)

4. Either/one of them always speaks the truth. ( Both are correct)

Note- In 3rd and 4th sentences both are correct as number is not definite.

       Demonstrative Pronouns

They are used to point out a noun or pronoun.

This, that, these, those, such, the same.

Rule 1. This and that both are used for singular but this is for closer object and That is for distant object.

 Examples

1. This is a very sweet mango.

2. That is a very expensive pen.

Rule 2. These and those both are used for plural but these is for closer objects and those is for distant objects.

Examples

1. These are very sweet mangoes.

2. Those are very expensive pens.

Rule 3. That and those are also  used to avoid the repetition of a noun.

Examples

1. The map of Lucknow is more attractive than that of Delhi. (don’t use the map of Delhi)

2.The students of Lucknow are more industrious than those of Delhi.

3. I disturbed you but such was not my intention.

4. Both pens are good but this is better than that.

Rule 4. One and ones are also used to avoid the repetition of nouns.

Examples

1. These are new I phones but those are old ones.

2. This book is on a new pattern but that is an on old one.

              Indefinite Pronouns

Rule 1. One, anyone, someone, no one, anybody, somebody, nobody, anybody, anything, something, nothing, everything, another, much, little +………………..V. (S.)

Examples

1. Something are better than nothing. (use- is)

2. Someone have absconded with the cash from the safe. (use- has)

Rule 2. 

Many/others/few/both+……..V. (P)

Many/others/few/both of+ N.(P.)……..V (P)

Examples

1. Most of the students were present in the class yesterday but a few were absent.

1. Most of the students were present in the class yesterday but a few of them were absent.

Note- 

We make use of an indefinite pronoun and gender is not clear, preference is given to the masculine gender (he, him, his) in the use of pronouns.

Examples

1. Everybody is free to whatever she wants. (use- he)

2. Anyone can qualify the exam if she tries. (use- he)

3. One of them has got her score card. (use-his)

Rule 3.

▪️ We use plural noun and verb after all and some if they are used for countable nouns

▪️ We singular noun and verb after all and some if they are used for uncountable noun.

 

Examples

1. She has taken all the milk but some are left. (use- is) 

2. The station was piling up with a lot of people and all was waiting for the train. (use- were)